Arezoo Jammanesh; Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli; Solmaz Ghaffari; Mohammad Reza Avadi
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: We aimed in present study to provide solid-lipid nanoparticle (SLN) of GBE and evaluate its oral safety in the light of recent discoveries on strong inhibitory effects of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract (GBE) against Covid 19 and Influenza virus .Materials and Methods: Morphology and ...
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Aims and Objectives: We aimed in present study to provide solid-lipid nanoparticle (SLN) of GBE and evaluate its oral safety in the light of recent discoveries on strong inhibitory effects of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract (GBE) against Covid 19 and Influenza virus .Materials and Methods: Morphology and particle sizes of nanoparticles were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) methods. In the next step, the release profile of 85% loaded SLNs was determined by dialysis membrane method. Acute and repeated dose oral toxicity tests were performed on selected freeze-dried formulation with appropriate stability in female mice according to OECD 425 and OECD 407 guidelines .Results: The spherical GBE-SLN released GBE during the first 72 hrs. In acute oral test, doses up to 2000 mg/kg didn’t cause mortality or any sign of toxicity .Repeated dose oral toxicity study on three dose levels (0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg/ day), didn’t show any abnormal change due to clinical, biochemical and necropsy evaluations but hematological assessment showed abnormal coagulation in accordance with some abnormal changes in the liver, kidney, heart, lungs and ovaries of high dose (50mg/kg) group of animals. Conclusion: Repeated dose oral administration of GBE-SLN in doses up to 5 mg/kg/day was considered as safe dose level. Later studies are mandatory for evaluating the preventive and therapeutic effects of present GBE-SLN against Covid 19 in appropriate in vitro and in vivo models.
Anoushe Raesian; Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli; Seyed Mahdi Rezayat Sorkhabadi
Abstract
Objective(s): Silver nanoparticles have been widely used as new potent antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and hygienic products, as well as in new medical devices. Serious concerns have been expressed on the potential health risks of dermal applications of nanosilver containing consumer products (AgNPs), ...
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Objective(s): Silver nanoparticles have been widely used as new potent antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and hygienic products, as well as in new medical devices. Serious concerns have been expressed on the potential health risks of dermal applications of nanosilver containing consumer products (AgNPs), therefore regulatory health risk assessment has become necessary for the safe usage of AgNPs in biomedical products with special emphasis to their dermal toxicity potentials. We aimed in the present study to compare the dermal toxicity of three different AgNP containing disinfectantsin an albino rabbit model and tried to determine the role of size and other physicochemical properties on their possible dermal toxicity. Methods: After the characterization of all three samples by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) , corrosive and irritant potentials of AgNPs in three different sizes of three colloidal AgNPs were scored by the OECD 404 guideline with necessary modifications and were applied under the specified concentrations via nanosilver skin patches on the shaved skin of young female albino rabbits. All skin reactions were recorded in 3 min as well as in 1, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours from the application and compared with the control group and followed up for 14 days. Results: Although short-term observations didn’t show any significant changes in the weight of animals and macroscopic variables, long-term histopathological abnormalities were seen in the skin of all test groups, which was not associated with the size and other physicochemical properties of AgNP samples. The toxicity manifestations were dry skin, scaling in doses lower than 100 ppm and erythema in higher doses up to 4000 ppm which was reversed. Conclusions: This finding creates a new issue in the possible dermal effects of all colloidal AgNPs, containing nano health products, which should be considered in future studies by focusing on other physicochemical properties of AgNPs and possible underlying mechanisms of toxicity by conducting cellular models.
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