Ali Ghanbariasad; Sare Azadi; Mahmoud Agholi; Mahmoud Osanloo
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis that is distributed in around 100 countries. Preparing essential oil-based nanoformulations with the leishmanicidal effect is a promising strategy for the development of new drugs. In this study, the leishmanicidal effects of three essential ...
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis that is distributed in around 100 countries. Preparing essential oil-based nanoformulations with the leishmanicidal effect is a promising strategy for the development of new drugs. In this study, the leishmanicidal effects of three essential oils of Artemisia dracunculus, Zataria multiflora, and Zingiber officinale against promastigotes of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major were first investigated. The essential oil of A. dracunculus showed the most potent activity. After that, by adding carbomer 940, 1.5% w/v, to the prepared nanoemulsion with particle size of 7.86 ± 4 nm and particle size distribution (SPAN) of 0.96 ± 0.1, nanogel of ADEO was prepared. The leishmanicidal effect of the nanogel was significantly better than the non-formulated A. dracunculus essential oil. Interestingly, the promastigotes' viabilities at a 160 µg/mL concentration were decreased to ~ 0%. The prepared green nanoformulation could be used as supplementary drugs in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Arun Dev Sharma; Mohit d Farmaha; Inderjeet d Kaur
Abstract
Objective(s): Eucalyptus oil is a typical essential oil used in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and drug industries having antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Eucalyptus oil is highly unsteady and hydrophobic under normal conditions, so easily lose its bactericidal activity. To protect this bioactive ...
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Objective(s): Eucalyptus oil is a typical essential oil used in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and drug industries having antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Eucalyptus oil is highly unsteady and hydrophobic under normal conditions, so easily lose its bactericidal activity. To protect this bioactive herbal product, nanoemulsion technology is an excellent way to micro-encapsulate and hydrophilize it. Due to special properties, oil-in-water (O/W) essential oil nanoemulsions are expanding day by day as a delivery system in food, cosmetic and agrochemical industries. The aim of the present study is to prepare eucalyptus oil based nanoemulsions, its characterization and in vitro evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. Methods: O/W nanoemulsions were prepared by using eucalyptus essential oil in the presence of surfactants like tween 20, tween 80 and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Physiochemical parameters like pH, conductivity, optical density and antibacterial activity were studied. Stability of nanoemulsions was studied for 120 days. Results: Nanoemulsions prepared with tween 20/80 and SDS were smaller in size than those prepared with tween 20/80. Formulated nanoemulsions were stable even after 120 days as no significant change in pH, conductivity, size of droplet was observed. Substantial in vitro antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis was observed with nanoemulsions prepared with tween 20 only. Conclusion: The findings suggested that eucalyptus oil based nanoemulsions can be used as key drug carrier in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.
Ali Ghanbariasad; Mahmoud Osanloo
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women; thus, developing new drugs is crucial. Essential oils (EO)s with a wide range of bioactivities, such as anticancer effects, have provided a valuable source for this purpose. In this study, components of two medicinally important EOs ...
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Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women; thus, developing new drugs is crucial. Essential oils (EO)s with a wide range of bioactivities, such as anticancer effects, have provided a valuable source for this purpose. In this study, components of two medicinally important EOs were identified using GC-MS analysis. Moreover, antioxidant effects, as well as anti-cancer properties, were evaluated.The EOs formulated into nanoemulsion using the spontaneous emulsification approach, separately. Comprehensive stability tests were performed to select the optimum nanoemulsions of each EO. Anticancer effect of the most stable nanoemulsion of Zataria multiflora with a particle size of 43 ± 4 nm (PDI 0.4 ± 0.2 and SPAN 0.6 ± 0.1) was significantly better non-formulated form against four human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, MDA-MB-175, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468. Interestingly, the anticancer effect of Artemisia dracunculus nanoemulsion (16 ± 4 nm, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 0.4 ± 0.1) was also significantly improved in compassion to the essential oil. Considering the results, prepared nanoemulsions could be used as supplementary drugs or food additives.
Jagdish Kumar Arun; Rajeshwar Vodeti; Birendra Shrivastava; Vasudha Bakshi
Abstract
Objective(s): The present work deals with the development of nanostructured self-emulsifying delivery system of rosuvastatin calcium containing a dietary lipid by chemometry principles for improving the biopharmaceutical performance of the drug. Excipient screening was performed on the basis of solubility ...
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Objective(s): The present work deals with the development of nanostructured self-emulsifying delivery system of rosuvastatin calcium containing a dietary lipid by chemometry principles for improving the biopharmaceutical performance of the drug. Excipient screening was performed on the basis of solubility of drug and phase behaviour study using aqueous titration method. A blend of liquid lipids, emulgents and coemulgents were used as for preparing the self-emulsifying delivery systems of the drug. Methods: Optimal mixture design was adopted for systematic optimization of the composition of self-emulsifying formulations and evaluated for emulsification time, globule size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and in vitro drug release. In vitro drug release in simulated fluids, and in vivo pharmacokinetic in rats was performed for comparing the biopharmaceutical performance. Results: The optimized self-nanoemulsifying formulation contained 15% of lipid (isopropyl myristate), 75% of emulgent (Tween 20) and 10% of cosolvent (ethanol), which exhibited fast emulsification in 150 second, globule size of 68 nm, zeta potential of 27 mV and more than > 85% drug release within 30 minutes. Conclusions: Pharmacokinetic study in rats indicated 4.89 to 4.45-folds improvement in the values of AUC and Cmax, and 0.95-folds reduction in Tmax from the self-nanoemulsifying system vis-à-vis the pure drug. Overall, the developed nanolipidic formulation of rosuvastatin indicated superior efficacy in augmenting the drug dissolution and absorption performance.
Najmeh Najmeh Feizi Langaroudi; Negar Motakef Kazemi
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective(s): The oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion is expanded in biomedical application due to their special properties. Mint and Parsley are known herbs with many health benefits. Chitosan (Ch) is a low toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible and safe polymer with the antibacterial activity which ...
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ABSTRACT Objective(s): The oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion is expanded in biomedical application due to their special properties. Mint and Parsley are known herbs with many health benefits. Chitosan (Ch) is a low toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible and safe polymer with the antibacterial activity which is used in production of nanomaterial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nanoemulsion to achieve good antibacterial activity and suitable stability with low cytotoxicity. Methods: In the presence study, the O/W nanoemulsion was prepared by Mint essential oil in the presence of Parsley aqueous extract and chitosan aqueous solution using Span 80 and Tween 80 surfactants and high-intensity homogenizer at room temperature for 30 min. The result samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The stability of nanoemulsion was evaluated for 50 days at different temperatures for optimized samples. The antibacterial activity of samples was measured against an important pathogen bacterium, Escherichia coli (E. coli) using inhibition zone diameter. The rheological properties of nanoemulsion were determined by presentation of viscosity at room temperature. The cytotoxicity of samples was investigated by MTT assay for HEK239 human cell line at three different concentrations for three periods of time. Results: Our results showed the nanoemulsion with nanometer size. The presence of chitosan was caused more particles with the smaller size. The low temperature was needed to protection of nanoemulsion stability and prevention of particle growth. Conclusions: Our study indicated that the nanoemulsion improved its antibacterial activity with low cytotoxicity and suitable stability.
Alireza Valizadeh; Mahdieh Shirzad; Fariba Esmaeili; Amir Amani
Abstract
Objective(s): Among herbal oils, cinnamon bark oil has several advantages such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. It is already reported that particle size of oil droplets affects their properties such as their antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated inhibitory activity ...
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Objective(s): Among herbal oils, cinnamon bark oil has several advantages such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. It is already reported that particle size of oil droplets affects their properties such as their antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated inhibitory activity of cinnamon oil products including bulk, microemulsion (ME) and nanoemulsion (NE).
Methods: ME and NE were prepared by low energy methods. Physicochemical characterization of cinnamon oil ME (COME) and NE (CONE) were investigated. Bulk, ME and NE of cinnamon oil were evaluated for antibacterial inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by microdilution method.
Results: Average particle size of COME and CONE was found to be 2040 nm and 30.4 nm, respectively. Results showed that both CONE and COME had increased inhibitory activity (p<0.05) against bacterial infection compared with ablank control group, of which COME had highest antibacterial effects.
Conclusions: Our findings suggested COME and CONE as potential green antibacterial agents.
Roqya Najafi-Taher; Amir Amani
Abstract
One of the common chronic inflammatory skin diseases is Acne Vulgaris that affects up to 80% of a teen-age population. The progress of acne lesions is due to colonization of Propionibacterium acnes (P .acnes) in hair follicles. Treatment of acne includes topical or systemic therapy or combination therapy, ...
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One of the common chronic inflammatory skin diseases is Acne Vulgaris that affects up to 80% of a teen-age population. The progress of acne lesions is due to colonization of Propionibacterium acnes (P .acnes) in hair follicles. Treatment of acne includes topical or systemic therapy or combination therapy, with a tendency to perform topical therapy in mild to moderate acne. Nanoemulsions, small oil droplet less than 200nm, which have been stabilized by surfactant(s) and/or co-surfactant in water, could be effective carriers for topical delivery of anti-acne agents. Interesting properties of nanoemulsions such as the improved efficacy of the drug, ease of production, ability to be used in various formulations and ability to load lipophilic drugs could make it an ideal carrier for this purpose. This review highlights applications of nanoemulsions for topical therapy of acne.
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