Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Implants modified with polymeric nanofibers coating containing the antibiotic vancomycin
208
215
EN
Minoo
Sadri
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Education and Research Center of Science and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
mnsadri@yahoo.com
Narges
Pashmfroosh
Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
npashmfroosh@yahoo.com
Samira
Samadieh
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Education and Research Center of Science and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
samadieh70@yahoo.com
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.001
<strong>Objective(S):</strong> Implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic. One recent strategy to reduce the rate of infection is using the bioactive coating with an antibiotic. The purpose of these bioactive surfaces is to prevent bacterial adhesion to the implant and, consequently, the development of biofilm. In this study, vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating on implants was prepared using the electrospinning technique. <br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> We selected polymers, chitosan (CS), and poly ethylene oxide (PEO) to prepare nanofibers. Then for the better attachment of nanofibers on the implant, the first coated the implant with thin film CS-gelatin. The prepared coatings were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT-IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial effectiveness of vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating and the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated in vitro. An elution study was performed with UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine the release behaviour of the vancomycin from the polymeric coating.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The morphology of the vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating implant exhibited nanofibers with diameters 70-130 nm. The vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating titanium significantly reduced the adhesion of the staphylococcus aureus compared with bare implants in vitro. The release of vancomycin showed an initial vancomycin burst effect followed by a slow release. 36%of the drug in first two hours, 70% in first 24 hours and 96% in the first week released.<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating, present many advantages and may be considered to prevent and treat implant-associated infections by impeding bacterial adherence to the implant surface or reducing the concentration of bacteria near the implant.
Implant,Infection,Electrospinnin,, CS,Gelatin,Vancomycin,Drug Delivery
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_28665.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_28665_6a9981ae4c3fe10091870d701510dc0d.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
The Potentials and Applications of Cellulose Acetate in biosensor technology
216
223
EN
Hadi
Baharifar
Department of medical nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
baharifar.h@gmail.com
Elham
Honarvarfard
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
honarve@clarkson.edu
Mohammad
Haji Malek-kheili
Departemant of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
mohammad.haji@gmail.com
Hassan
Maleki
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
h-maleki@razi.tums.ac.ir
Mohammad
Barkhi
University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST), Zar Center, Karaj, Iran
mbarkhi@gmail.com
Ali
Ghasemzadeh
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
ghasemzadeh@nanohealth.ir
Kamyar
Khoshnevisan
Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
k-khoshnevisan@razi.tums.ac.ir
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.002
The interest in cellulose and its derivatives has been exponentially increasing due to its excellent thermal stability, biocompatibility, chemical persistence and biodegradability. Among various cellulose derivatives, cellulose acetate (CA) has been applied in many applications including sensor systems, drug delivery systems, separation membrane, and tissue engineering. Recently, the electrospun nanofibers have been employed and have gotten more attention in the biotechnology and the biomedical applications. In this case, Electrospinning methods widely used to fabricate and generate novel nanomaterials along with the well-aligned structure of electrospun nanofibers. Electrospinning has emerged as a powerful method to produce nanofibrous assemblies from a variety of polymers and composites including CA fibers. These fibers obtained from this method were applied in biomedical applications specially for sensing process in the medical diagnostic kit. In this review article, the recent progress and development of electrospun CA fibers and nanofibers and also their nanocomposites for advanced sensing systems are presented. Several sensors and biosensors including optical/colorimetric, and electrochemical-based on CA are discussed in this study.
cellulose acetate,Sensing,Optical/Colorimetric,Electrochemical
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29397.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29397_83ea27e21ddf55dbb01f1c17b4350004.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of electrospun PVA magnetic nanofibers containing doxorubicin as targeted nanocarrier for drug delivery
224
229
EN
Tayebeh
Shamspur
Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
shamspur@gmail.com
Fariba
Fathirad
Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
f_fathirad@yahoo.com
Mitra
Ghanbari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
mitraghanbari12@gmail.com
Saeed
Esmaeili Mahani
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
semahani@yahoo.com
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.003
<strong>Objective(s): </strong>The purpose of this study was preparation and evaluation of PVA-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanofibers as nanocarrier of doxorubicin (DOX) by measuring their drug release together with their in vitro cytotoxicity toward cancer cells at different pH values.<br /> <strong>Methods</strong>: Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method. The composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol containing nanoparticles and anticancer drug DOX were fabricated by electrospinning method. The nanostructures were characterized by different techniques. The drug release was investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at different pHs and 37.5 ̊C.<br /> <strong>Results</strong>: In vitro drug release experiments show that the doxorubicin release at pH= 6.0 is promisingly more and faster than drug release at pH= 7.4. The fitted equation of release curves corresponds to Peppas model. Also, MTT assays indicate that the MNPs-doxorubicin-loaded nanocarrier has cytotoxicity comparable with free drug.<br /> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The synthesized nanocarrier was successfully used for the efficient delivery of an anti-cancer drug into the tumor region. The DOX-loaded nanocarrier showed a steady and sustained release profile in vitro up to 72 h. The drug release from nanocarrier was better described using Peppas model.
Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles,Nanocarrier,Nanofiber,doxorubicin,Drug Delivery
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29596.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29596_5a8731b29471f9cefb84dc25682b9eab.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Novel Semisolid Design Based on Bismuth Oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles for radiation protection
230
238
EN
Hamid
Shirkhanloo
Industry Health Research Institute (IPIHRI), Occupational and Environmental Health Research Center (OEHRC), PIHO, Tehran, Iran
hamidshirkhanloo@yahoo.ca
Mostafa
Safari
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Islamic Azad University of pharmaceutical sciences (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
mostafa.saffary@gmail.com
Seyed Mohammad
Amini
Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
sma88nano@gmail.com
Mehdi
Rashidi
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Islamic Azad University of pharmaceutical sciences (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
mehdi.rashidi1366@gmail.com
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.004
<strong>Objective(S)</strong>: The dangerous effects of X-ray have been elucidated by scientific studies in occupational health hygiene. X-ray protective like an apron, thyroid shield and gloves have been made of lead (Pb) to protect against X-ray. However, such equipment makes a lot of safety and health problems such as toxicity, weight, inflexibility and troubles usage in a physician. To overcome such problems, X-ray absorbance’s such as semi-solids have been developed. Here in, an investigation was carried out to see whether the mixture of semi-solid material containing bismuth oxide nanoparticles.<br /> <strong>Methods</strong>: The mixture of semi-solid containing bismuth oxide nanoparticles was prepared based on the synthesis of bismuth oxide nanoparticles and formulation of semisolid. The bismuth oxide nanoparticles were prepared via synthesis method intermediating sorbitol with optimized conditions. In X-ray dosimeter test, the protective effect of bismuth oxide nanoparticles in semisolid was evaluated in comparison to lead adsorbents when all conditions were similar (P<0.05).<br /> <strong>Results</strong>: X-ray absorbance efficiency of bismuth nanoparticles dispersed in semisolids was more efficient than conventional lead absorbance. The percentage of X-ray absorption in the ointment of bismuth oxide nanoparticles is 56.79 while the absorption value in the 0.5-millimeter lead is between 40% and 42%.<br /> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The X-ray absorbent based on semi-solid containing bismuth oxide nanoparticles has many advantages in comparison to conventional lead absorbent such as; high surface area, low amount of sorbent, easy usage, high efficiency of X-ray absorbance, and lower toxic effect on the environment.
X-ray Protection,X-ray Absorbance,Semisolid,Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles,Radiotherapy,Radiology
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29684.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29684_928a8bd5040fe1b38dadd4438e46e987.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Evaluation of the Effective Electrospinning Parameters Controlling Kefiran Nanofibers Diameter Using Modelling Artificial Neural Networks
239
249
EN
Seyedeh Sara
Esnaashari
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
sara.esnaashari@gmail.com
Majid
Naghibzadeh
Departments of Nanotechnology, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
mnaghibzadeh@razi.tums.ac.ir
Mahdi
Adabi
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
madabi@tums.ac.ir
Reza
Faridi Majidi
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
refaridi@sina.tums.ac.ir
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.005
<strong>Objective(s):</strong> This paper investigates the validity of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model in the prediction of electrospun kefiran nanofibers diameter using 4 effective parameters involved in electrospinning process. Polymer concentration, applied voltage, flow rate and nozzle to collector distance were used as variable parameters to design various sets of electrospinning experiments for production of electrospun kefiran nanofibers.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology and evaluate the size of the nanofiber. Data set was drawn using <em>k</em> fold cross-validation method, which was the most suitable scheme for the volume of the data in this work. Data were partitioned into the five series and trained and tested via ANN method.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the generated nanofiber samples were confirmed that all of the samples were fine and defect-free. Our results indicated that the network including four input variables, three hidden layers with 10, 18 and 9 nodes in each layer, respectively, and one output layer obtained the highest efficiency in the testing set. The mean squared error (MSE) and linear regression (R) between observed and predicted nanofibers diameter were 0.0452 and 0.950, respectively.<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results demonstrated that the proposed neural network was appropriately performed in assessing the input parameters and prediction of nanofibers diameter.
Kefiran,Nanofibers,Electrospinning,ANN,Modeling
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29982.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_29982_51e0ef209985f0e170268d99103791df.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
In vitro biocompatibility of low and medium molecular weight chitosan–coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles
250
259
EN
Ali
Mohammadzadeh
Material and Biomaterial Research Center, Tehran, Iran
alimohamadzade@aut.ac.ir
Minoo
Sadri
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Education and Research Center of Science and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
mnsadri@yahoo.com
Seyed Salman
Seyed Afghahi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
salmanafghahi@gmail.com
Younes
Alizadeh
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
alizadeh@aut.ac.ir
Sepide
Najafian
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
snajafian@aut.ac.ir
Hassan
Hosseini
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
hoseinyshm@gmail.com
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.006
<strong>Objective(S): </strong>The chitosan - Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core - shell nanoparticles were synthesized. The nanoparticles should be coated properly in the shape of core-shell, so that they remain hidden from the body's immune system after coating. Effects of different molecular weight in coating were investigated.<br /> <strong>Methods: </strong>Nanoparticles coated with low and medium molecular weight chitosan were synthesized in one step. In this way, first, the nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method. Then, the surface of the nanoparticles was modified using oleic acid. Finally, the nanoparticles were coated with low or medium molecular weight chitosan. The properties of particles were investigated by TEM, XRD, VSM and FT-IR devices as well as the Debye Scherrer method. In biocompatibility study, the nanoparticles were transferred to a medium containing fibroblast cells which were extracted from the mouse embryo and cultivated in an incubator. Then, dead and live fibroblast cells were counted.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>The growth of fibroblast cells that were adjacent to the nanoparticles were different. The percentage of live cells in the container containing uncoated particles in the sixth day was 20%. Also, the percentage of live cells in a container containing particles covered with low and medium molecular weight chitosan were 90 and 98% in the sixth day respectively.<br /> <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The molecular weight of chitosan can have a significant effect on the toxicity of nanoparticles in biological environments throughout time, so it shows that the medium cells containing particles coated with medium molecular weight chitosan had better growth than low molecular weight chitosan coated particles.
Chitosan,Fe3O4,Cell cultivation,Fibroblastic cells,biocompatibility
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30599.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30599_7772f1613784cd938de9eb04379b5c07.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Simulation of tissue heating by magnetic fluid hyperthermia
260
266
EN
Seyed Nasrollah
Tabatabaei
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
ntabatabaei@sina.tums.ac.ir
Sylvain
Martel
NanoRobotics Laboratory, Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engingeering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Canada
sylvain.martel@polymtl.ca
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.007
<strong>Objective:</strong> Magnetic fluid hyperthermia is a technique in which thermal energy is generated by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that are excited by an alternating magnetic field (AC field). During hyperthermia, in-vivo monitoring of elevation of temperature relies on invasive insertion of conventional thermometers, or employment of thermo-sensitive cameras that lack high precision. The objective of this manuscript is to provide a mathematical approach to better estimate elevation of temperature and its profile after hyperthermia of MNPs inside an AC field.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> To this end, we first show that temperature profile due to hyperthermia of iron oxide MNPs at 10, 25, and 50 mg/ml are concentration dependent. Then by using best-fit polynomial equations, we show that the temperature profile for any given concentration of the same iron oxide MNPs can be traced to close approximation. Thermodynamic heat transfer equations were then used to graph the distribution of temperature in a tissue with a known heat capacity and conductivity parameters.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The resulting MatLab software simulation provides the thermal profile of a hypothetical tumor placed adjacent to a muscle tissue.<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In conclusion, the proposed mathematical approach can closely estimate the temperature profile of magnetic fluid hyperthermia.
Magnetic drug targeting,Drug Delivery,Hyperthermia,Magnetotactic bacteria
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30600.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30600_6836e20fb02d5243fcfbf7ccc08d316c.pdf
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nanomedicine Research Journal
2476-3489
2476-7123
2
4
2017
12
01
Synthesis of Porous Nanostructure NiTi Implant and Measurement of Thermomechanical Properties
267
272
EN
Mohammad Saleh
Khalatbari
Department of Material Science and Engineering
Sharif University of Technology
Tehran, Iran
m.s.khalatbari@gmail.com
Maryam
Daneshpour
Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
m20daneshpour@gmail.com
10.22034/nmrj.2017.04.008
<strong>Objective(s):</strong> NiTi is known as the most important material for manufacturing implants and medical devises duo to its shape memory and superelasticity properties, high energy damping, and high corrosion resistance.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> In this project, the possibility of producing nanostructured NiTi implant with high porosity was investigated. For reaching to the nanoscale, the mechanical alloying process was done on Ti and Ni powder as raw materials. Mechanical alloying process and the possibility of reaching nanostructure or amorphous phase was investigated. Space holder technique was used for reaching a porous structure. Sintering process was planned in a way to inhibit grain growth as much as possible. The samples sintered at two different sintering times. The effect of grain size and secondary phases on mechanical properties and phase transformation temperatures was studied.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that milling for 50 h at 300 rpm has led to amorphous phase and nanocrystallite with 50 nm diameter. Using space holder technique with the appropriate amount of spacer and choosing proper sintering time and temperature, the specimens with 70% porosity were produced. Furthermore, nanoscale grain size can lead to R phase transition. In fact, one of the effects of reaching to nanostructure is occurring R transformation due to high dislocation density and high grain boundaries surface. Nanostructured sample with 70% porosity was shown 5% superelasticity in the cyclic pressure test.<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> As the results showed, one of the advantages of porous samples is their elastic modulus which is more similar to the bone than other metallic implants.
Nitinol,Superelasticity,nanostructure,Porosity
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30745.html
https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_30745_04972c486d97b38271c727a02a81652e.pdf