TY - JOUR ID - 249479 TI - Cancer stem cells (CSCs): the blockage of metastatic and stemness properties by metal nanoparticles JO - Nanomedicine Research Journal JA - NMRJ LA - en SN - 2476-3489 AU - Shokravi, Samin AU - Ebrahimzadeh, Farnoosh AU - Farahbod, Farnoosh AU - Nooraei, Aref AD - affiliation: Research Assistant, Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL AD - M.D.,Internist,Assistant professor ,department of Internal Medicine ,Faculty of Medicine ,Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad,lran AD - Obstetric&gynecologist specialist,Isfahan university of medical sciences AD - Comparative Anatomy and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz-Iran Y1 - 2021 PY - 2021 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 304 EP - 326 KW - cancer stem cells(CSCs) KW - nanoparticles KW - metal nanoparticles KW - cancer stem cell therapy KW - theranostic KW - biomarker targeting DO - 10.22034/nmrj.2021.04.001 N2 - Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are comprised of hierarchically-organized subpopulations of cells with  distinguished phenotypes and tumorigenic capabilities that concrete to metastasis and cancer recurrence. According to related studies, their presence stands as the main reason of cancer associated fatalities. The fundamental feature of these cells is their ability to provide resistance towards conventional treatments or facilitate escaping routes, which include the overexpression of multifunctional ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporter gene family, metabolism reprogramming, and activation of survivance pathways . Conventional therapies are mainly capable of annihilating cancer cells, while lacking the ability to remove vital CSCs. The recurrence of tumors can be impeded through the targeting of CSCs by different therapies. Nanoparticles with unique properties have emerged as a promising approach for combating stem cancer cells. Therefore, the exertion of nanoparticles, especially metal nanoparticles ‐ based drug delivery systems in cancer imaging and remedial treatment, can surpass the obstacles of conventional treatments. Therefore, the possibility of achieving nonspecific toxicities through the administration of lower but more accurate targeted doses can be provided by the  production of theranostic metal nanoparticles and the incorporation of payload drugs into metal nanoparticles carriers, which requires a particular focus on the significance of biomarker targeting for remedial purposes and the unique contrast‐enhancing features of theranostic metal nanoparticles for facilitating image‐guided delivery. Despite the benefits of using nanoparticles for treating cancer stem cells, yet it is necessary to surpass the numerous challenges and further conduct comprehensive researches. UR - https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_249479.html L1 - https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_249479_6135bbcfbafffa6b7e009b6e223f57a7.pdf ER -