Pouya Dehghankelishadi; Farid Dorkoosh
Abstract
Pluronic based nano-particulate systems are innovative platforms for delivery of anti-cancer agents. These systems due to their pharmacological properties and suitable physicochemical characteristics are great opportunity for development cancer therapeutics. This mini-review tries to provide a more detailed ...
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Pluronic based nano-particulate systems are innovative platforms for delivery of anti-cancer agents. These systems due to their pharmacological properties and suitable physicochemical characteristics are great opportunity for development cancer therapeutics. This mini-review tries to provide a more detailed overview on the currently available pluronic based drug delivery systems. In the section 2, pharmacological characteristics of pluronic as a therapeutic polymer are assessed. In section 3, pluronic based formulations for undruggable payloads and surfaced modified targeted delivery systems are analyzed. The combinatorial pluronic based systems are summarized in section 4 and at last but not least the challenges and future prospective are discussed within section 5.
Kazem Marzban; Sayed Mahmood Rabiee
Abstract
Objective(s): CaO–MgO–SiO2 system bioceramics possess good characteristics for hard tissue engineering applications. The aim of the study was to synthesize the nano powder by using a sol-gel method and evaluate of bioactivity in the cells culture. Methods: To characterize of powder X-ray ...
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Objective(s): CaO–MgO–SiO2 system bioceramics possess good characteristics for hard tissue engineering applications. The aim of the study was to synthesize the nano powder by using a sol-gel method and evaluate of bioactivity in the cells culture. Methods: To characterize of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and to evaluate the bioactivity sample cell seeding and methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay were performed. Results: X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the biphasic powder was obtained at 1300°C for 2 h by using a sol-gel method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed that powder particle size was about 45 nm. Besides, cell culture results indicated that the percentage of viability values was increased by the extension of period. Conclusions: found that the sample is cytocompatible and has cell proliferation potential in culture medium. The present study demonstrates that, the biphasic CaO–MgO–SiO2 system can be used to achieve novel bioactive materials for bone implant application.
Marzie Hejazy; Mohammad Kazem Koohi; Adele Bassiri Mohamad Pour; Davood Najafi
Abstract
The health effects of nanoparticles (NPs) are raising considerable and growing concerns from the public and government around the world. Nano-metals are new forms of metal with special properties, but are characterized by having a particle size of less than 100 nm. Copper is an essential trace element ...
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The health effects of nanoparticles (NPs) are raising considerable and growing concerns from the public and government around the world. Nano-metals are new forms of metal with special properties, but are characterized by having a particle size of less than 100 nm. Copper is an essential trace element and its deficiency leads to different diseases in humans. In general, copper NPs have been reported among the most toxic nanomaterials in mammals. The toxicity of nano-copper depends on sex. The increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) plays an important role in copper-induced organic dysfunction.In this review, we will not only summarize the tissues toxicology induced by nano-copper, but also we will discuss the functions of ROS and RNS in the pathogenesis and toxicity in different organs, DNA damage as a result of oxidative stress, changes in Blood biochemical indexes, and the mechanism of the nano-copper induced apoptosis.
Abbas Rahdar; Khalilollah Sayyadi; Jalil Sayyadi; Zahra Yaghobi
Abstract
Nowadays the application of nanotechnology in different biomedical fields such as drug delivery is increasing due to its unique advantages. With this in mind, it is widely believed that nanogels as the nanometer-sized networked polymeric particles have a considerable impact on drug delivery systems as ...
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Nowadays the application of nanotechnology in different biomedical fields such as drug delivery is increasing due to its unique advantages. With this in mind, it is widely believed that nanogels as the nanometer-sized networked polymeric particles have a considerable impact on drug delivery systems as biocompatible nanocarriers due to their unique characteristics such as high loading capacity, sustainability and so on. The nanogels have the three-dimensional constructions containing the hydrophilic or hydrophilic polymeric chains that they can physically or chemically absorb a large amount of water without their dissolving within water so that polymer structure is reversible as well as the capability of swelling. These nanomaterials are made using polymeric precursors and heterogeneous polymerization monomers, and recently some researchers have reported the networked nanogels based on optical processes. In this review, we will try to address methods to synthesize the nanogels as well as study their applications as drug delivery systems with examples of pharmaceutical systems.
samira samadieh; minoo sadri
Abstract
Objective(s): Biodegradable polymers are featured with notable potentials for biotechnology and bioengineering purposes. Still, there are limitations in their applicability so that in many cases composite forms are used. The present study is focused on chitosan (CS), gelatin (GEL), honey (H) and aloe ...
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Objective(s): Biodegradable polymers are featured with notable potentials for biotechnology and bioengineering purposes. Still, there are limitations in their applicability so that in many cases composite forms are used. The present study is focused on chitosan (CS), gelatin (GEL), honey (H) and aloe vera (AV) for preparation of thin films.Methods: To prepare the thin film, CS and GEL with ratio of 8 % was used. Similarly, AV, honey and wheat germ oil (WGO) was prepared with 20:20:2 ratio. Afterward, the solution was poured in petri dishes. The dishes were stored at room temperature for 24h until the film was formed. Then, CS/PEO/H, CS/PEO/AV, CS/PEO/H/AV nanofibers electrospinning was done on CS/GEL/H, CS/GEL/AV, CS/GEL/H/AV thin films, respectively. Results: The results of antibacterial activity, fibroblast cells culture and hemolytic activity were examined. The results of antibacterial tests revealed that thin films containing honey had antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of fibroblast cells on the prepared samples indicated more than 90% of the cells are alive. Also,hemolytic activity results indicate that the samples are non-hemolytic.Conclusions: Considering the overall physiochemical and biological properties of the thin films, they could be advantageously used as a promising biomaterial for antibacterial coating.
Ali Alirezaie Alavijeh; Masoomeh Dadpey; Farid Barati; Mohammad Barati
Abstract
Objective(s): In the developed countries, one of the leading causes of death is cancer. Cancer cells with their unique and destructive characteristics impose high costs on communities.
Methods: In this study, we will review the latest cancer researches and diagnostic tools.
Results: Existing ...
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Objective(s): In the developed countries, one of the leading causes of death is cancer. Cancer cells with their unique and destructive characteristics impose high costs on communities.
Methods: In this study, we will review the latest cancer researches and diagnostic tools.
Results: Existing technologies, using clinical markers and studying the polymeric screeners of cancer cells, have created kits that make cancer diagnosis at early stages. The study of the survival mechanism in malaria and honey bee and the development of bacterial engineering has created new approaches to create powerful tools for cancer detection and control.
Conclusions: The completion of these processes will create the potential for cancer eradication. Study of the survival mechanisms in nature and purposive modeling of it will lead to provide many solutions to solve the problems. These studies can lead to develop accurate diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
Nahid Fakhraei; Seyyedeh Elaheh Mousavi; Seyed Pouyan Pishva; Seyed Mahdi Rezayat; Fatemeh Mohammadi
Abstract
Objective(s): Curcumin, a plant alkaloid from Curcuma longa, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, the antidepressant activities of curcumin were reported. Nevertheless, bioavailability of curcumin limits its therapeutic utility. Nanotechnology is a developing field that potentially ...
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Objective(s): Curcumin, a plant alkaloid from Curcuma longa, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, the antidepressant activities of curcumin were reported. Nevertheless, bioavailability of curcumin limits its therapeutic utility. Nanotechnology is a developing field that potentially enhances bioavailability and the plasma concentration of curcumin. This study investigates effect of acute intraperitoneal (i.p.) curcumin C3 complex nanoparticles on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior in a mouse model.Methods: Depression-like behavior was induced by LPS (0.83 mg/kg, i.p.). Twenty four hrs later, immobility time in forced-swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) was recorded as depression-like index. Locomotor activity also was evaluated in open field test (OFT). Curcumin and nanocurcumin were administered 75 min prior to the behavioral assessments.Results: LPS-treated mice remained considerably more immobile in FST and TST (P<0.01). On the other hand, nanocurcumin at doses 40 and 80 mg/kg, i.p., PConclusions: Acute administration of nanocurcumin and curcumin reduced the index of immobility in FST and TST without influencing the general locomotor activity in OFT. Notably, nanocurcumin at lower doses compared with curcumin decreased the immobility figure in a dose-dependent manner. This neuroprotive effect of nanocurcumin would be related to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as well as modulation of neurotransmitter levels in the brain.
Leila Hamzehzadeh; Armin Imanparast; Amir Tajbakhsh; Mahdi Rezaee; Alireza Pasdar
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been at the center of research focus as a new promising material for the treatment of cancer in recent years. Although many chemotherapy drugs for cancer treatment are available, their potential toxicity is the main point of concern. On the other hand, the conventional chemotherapeutic ...
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Nanoparticles have been at the center of research focus as a new promising material for the treatment of cancer in recent years. Although many chemotherapy drugs for cancer treatment are available, their potential toxicity is the main point of concern. On the other hand, the conventional chemotherapeutic approach has not been found to be very efficient in colorectal cancer (CRC) as the drug molecule does not reach the target site with an effective concentration. A major challenge in cancer therapy is to destroy tumor cells without harming the normal tissue. To overcome this problem scientists are trying to use nanoparticles to directly target cancer cells for a more effective treatment and reduced toxicity. Different nanoparticles such as: liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and silica have been developed to carry a variety of anticancer agents including: cytotoxic drugs, chemo modulators, siRNA and antiangiogenic agents. This review discusses various treatments for colon cancer and the potential use of nanoparticles which facilitate targeting of cancer cells. The outlook for new treatment strategies in CRC management is also underlined.
Peyman Rajaei; Mehdi Ranjbar
Abstract
Objective(s): In this work, pomegranate juice was used as a capping agent for self- assembly to form particles-like Au nanostructures in the presence of AuHCl4.3H2O as aurate source. Besides, to investigate the concentration effect of pomegranate juice as the green capping agent on the morphology and ...
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Objective(s): In this work, pomegranate juice was used as a capping agent for self- assembly to form particles-like Au nanostructures in the presence of AuHCl4.3H2O as aurate source. Besides, to investigate the concentration effect of pomegranate juice as the green capping agent on the morphology and particle size of final products several experiments were performed. Methods: The as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR). Au nanostructures exhibited stronger antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli) than against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphyloccocus aureus and Staphyloccocus epidermidis). Results: Microwave irradiation provides a rapid and green method for the synthesis of AuNP. It favors the formation of small and uniform nanoparticles through a fast and homogeneous nucleation and crystallization. Both AuNPs nanocomposites showed antibacterial activity that is stronger against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. typhi) than against Gram-positive bacteria, (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) Conclusions: This rapid method of microwave radiation as compared to the classical synthesis, showed promising results in terms of size distribution, surface area, pore diameter and pore volume.
Seyed Mohaamad Amini; Vahid Pirhajati Mahabadi
Abstract
Extensive research on the nutritional and medical application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was performed in past decades. Besides nutritional values, new characteristics such as antibacterial and anticancer properties depict a bright future for high Selenium (Se) consumption in the coming years. ...
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Extensive research on the nutritional and medical application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was performed in past decades. Besides nutritional values, new characteristics such as antibacterial and anticancer properties depict a bright future for high Selenium (Se) consumption in the coming years. Se is essential for the proper functioning of most of the major body organ systems meanwhile it could be highly toxic and even cancerous. The current knowledge of Se interaction with major organ systems functionality such as the central nervous system isn’t well studied and many physiological aspects aren’t clear to the science community. Meanwhile, various results were published on increasing organ system functionality through administrated SeNPs. So with the rapid entrance of SeNPs in the medical and nutritional industry, it may cause unintended complications. The intent of this review is to investigate current knowledge of SeNPs interaction with major body organ systems functionality. Investigated pharmacokinetic parameters of SeNPs was also reviewed.
Yasser Shahbazi; Nassim Shavisi
Abstract
Objective(s): A remarkable growing effort has been conducted by several researchers to fabricate food packaging materials which are able to protect foodstuffs and enhance their shelf-life from food-borne pathogens and fungal attack which causes great damage to the food industries. Recent studies has ...
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Objective(s): A remarkable growing effort has been conducted by several researchers to fabricate food packaging materials which are able to protect foodstuffs and enhance their shelf-life from food-borne pathogens and fungal attack which causes great damage to the food industries. Recent studies has focused on the potential applications of nano-metal oxides in food packaging area. Methods: This study reviews the latest trends and research results concerning the application of chitosan films containing some important nano-metal oxides as appropriate materials for food applications. Results: Nano-metal oxides including zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, silicon dioxide, and silica are the most common nano-metal oxides that incorporated into the chitosan film for improving its antimicrobial, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Conclusions: The reviewed nano-metal oxides may have positive implications for food industries, particularly in the area of food packaging based on nanoparticles to improve the physic-mechanical properties and also quality shelf-life parameters of foodstuffs.
Anoushe Raesian; Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli; Seyed Mahdi Rezayat Sorkhabadi
Abstract
Objective(s): Silver nanoparticles have been widely used as new potent antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and hygienic products, as well as in new medical devices. Serious concerns have been expressed on the potential health risks of dermal applications of nanosilver containing consumer products (AgNPs), ...
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Objective(s): Silver nanoparticles have been widely used as new potent antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and hygienic products, as well as in new medical devices. Serious concerns have been expressed on the potential health risks of dermal applications of nanosilver containing consumer products (AgNPs), therefore regulatory health risk assessment has become necessary for the safe usage of AgNPs in biomedical products with special emphasis to their dermal toxicity potentials. We aimed in the present study to compare the dermal toxicity of three different AgNP containing disinfectantsin an albino rabbit model and tried to determine the role of size and other physicochemical properties on their possible dermal toxicity. Methods: After the characterization of all three samples by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) , corrosive and irritant potentials of AgNPs in three different sizes of three colloidal AgNPs were scored by the OECD 404 guideline with necessary modifications and were applied under the specified concentrations via nanosilver skin patches on the shaved skin of young female albino rabbits. All skin reactions were recorded in 3 min as well as in 1, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours from the application and compared with the control group and followed up for 14 days. Results: Although short-term observations didn’t show any significant changes in the weight of animals and macroscopic variables, long-term histopathological abnormalities were seen in the skin of all test groups, which was not associated with the size and other physicochemical properties of AgNP samples. The toxicity manifestations were dry skin, scaling in doses lower than 100 ppm and erythema in higher doses up to 4000 ppm which was reversed. Conclusions: This finding creates a new issue in the possible dermal effects of all colloidal AgNPs, containing nano health products, which should be considered in future studies by focusing on other physicochemical properties of AgNPs and possible underlying mechanisms of toxicity by conducting cellular models.
Abbas Rahdar; Susan kazemi; Faezeh Askari
Abstract
A common approach for building a drug delivery system is to incorporate the drug within the nanocarrier that results in increased solubility, metabolic stability, and improved circulation time. However, recent developments indicate that selection of polymer nanomaterials can implement more than only ...
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A common approach for building a drug delivery system is to incorporate the drug within the nanocarrier that results in increased solubility, metabolic stability, and improved circulation time. However, recent developments indicate that selection of polymer nanomaterials can implement more than only inert carrier functions by being biological response modifiers. One representative of such materials is Pluronic block copolymers that cause various functional alterations in cells. The key attribute for the biological activity of Pluronics is their ability to incorporate into membranes followed by subsequent translocation into the cells and affecting various cellular functions, such as mitochondrial respiration, ATP synthesis, activity of drug efflux transporters, apoptotic signal transduction, and gene expression. As a result, Pluronics cause drastic sensitization to various anticancer agents based on multidrug resistant (MDR), enhance drug transport across the blood brain and intestinal barriers, and causes transcriptional activation of gene expression both in vitro and in vivo. On other hand, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using polymer based particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles and micelles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic profiles of various types of drug molecules. Due to the wide compatibility with drug candidates of diverse nature and ingredients in formulations, poloxamers serve to be excellent polymer for drug delivery vehicles by different routes of administration. This review will highlight the poloxamers-based micelles/nanoparticles that have been developed to date.
Yasser Shahbazi
Abstract
Objective(s): The application of synthetic antimicrobial and antifungal compounds is reducing in the last decades in the food and nutrition fields owing to their various side effects and increasing interest of consumers to eat natural foodstuffs without artificial constituents. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) ...
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Objective(s): The application of synthetic antimicrobial and antifungal compounds is reducing in the last decades in the food and nutrition fields owing to their various side effects and increasing interest of consumers to eat natural foodstuffs without artificial constituents. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) has numerous medicinal properties, including analgesic, antiseptic, stimulants, carminative, and natural antihelminitic. The present study aimed to evaluate the antifungal, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of clove essential oil (CEO) under in-vitro condition. Methods: Antioxidant property of nanoemulsion of CEO was evaluated in terms of radical scavenging ability against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of nanoemulsion of CEO were evaluated using agar disk diffusion assay. Results: Antioxidant property of CEO was found to be 92.45 ± 5.49%. Based on our findings, the food-borne pathogens were shown the highest sensitivity to the CEO (inhibition zone = 5.12-14.34 mm), followed by the probiotic microorganisms (inhibition zone = 2.57-4.44 mm), and fungi (inhibition zone = 2.13-3.19 mm), respectively. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that nanoemulsion of CEO has good antimicrobial and antioxidant properties under in-vitro condition.
Minoo Sadri; Narges Pashmfroosh; Samira Samadieh
Abstract
Objective(S): Implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic. One recent strategy to reduce the rate of infection is using the bioactive coating with an antibiotic. The purpose of these bioactive surfaces is to prevent bacterial adhesion to the implant and, consequently, the development ...
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Objective(S): Implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic. One recent strategy to reduce the rate of infection is using the bioactive coating with an antibiotic. The purpose of these bioactive surfaces is to prevent bacterial adhesion to the implant and, consequently, the development of biofilm. In this study, vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating on implants was prepared using the electrospinning technique. Methods: We selected polymers, chitosan (CS), and poly ethylene oxide (PEO) to prepare nanofibers. Then for the better attachment of nanofibers on the implant, the first coated the implant with thin film CS-gelatin. The prepared coatings were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT-IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial effectiveness of vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating and the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated in vitro. An elution study was performed with UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine the release behaviour of the vancomycin from the polymeric coating. Results: The morphology of the vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating implant exhibited nanofibers with diameters 70-130 nm. The vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating titanium significantly reduced the adhesion of the staphylococcus aureus compared with bare implants in vitro. The release of vancomycin showed an initial vancomycin burst effect followed by a slow release. 36%of the drug in first two hours, 70% in first 24 hours and 96% in the first week released. Conclusions: The vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating, present many advantages and may be considered to prevent and treat implant-associated infections by impeding bacterial adherence to the implant surface or reducing the concentration of bacteria near the implant.
Amirali Abbasi; Jaber Jahanbin Sardroodi
Abstract
Objective(s): Adsorption of IMMUCILLIN-A (BCX4430) molecule on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles were studied using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption energy analysis indicated that TiO2+IMMUCILLIN-A complexes including OC-substituted TiO2 have higher adsorption ...
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Objective(s): Adsorption of IMMUCILLIN-A (BCX4430) molecule on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles were studied using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption energy analysis indicated that TiO2+IMMUCILLIN-A complexes including OC-substituted TiO2 have higher adsorption energy than the complexes with OT substituted TiO2, thus providing more stable configurations. Methods: The structural properties including bond lengths, adsorption energies and bond angles were analysed. The electronic structure of the adsorption system were investigated in view of the density of states, molecular orbitals and Mulliken charge analysis.Results: The results show that, the interaction of IMMUCILLIN-A drug with N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles is more energetically favorable than the interaction with the pristine ones, suggesting that the N-doped nanoparticles can react with IMMUCILLIN-A drug more efficiently. The Mulliken charge analysis also suggests a charge transfer from IMMUCILLIN-A molecule to the TiO2 nanoparticle.Conclusions: Based on obtained results, it can be concluded that the N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle could be utilized as an efficient candidate for application as highly sensitive nanobiosensors and efficient nanocarriers for IMMUCILLIN-A drugs.
Neamat Karimi; Shahab Bohlooli; Mohammad Mazani
Abstract
Objective(s): The aim of this study was to determine cytotoxic effect of nanoliposomal form of lyophilized aqueous extract of Ecballium elaterium fruit on gastric cell line (AGS) using cell viability tests. Methods: An aqueous extract of the fruits of Ecballium elaterium was prepared. Nanoliposomal form ...
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Objective(s): The aim of this study was to determine cytotoxic effect of nanoliposomal form of lyophilized aqueous extract of Ecballium elaterium fruit on gastric cell line (AGS) using cell viability tests. Methods: An aqueous extract of the fruits of Ecballium elaterium was prepared. Nanoliposomal form was also prepared by thin-film hydration method and stability size was determined by SEM. The zeta potential and size characterized by Malvern zetasizer. Cytotoxic effect of the nanoliposomes encapsulated the extract on cell line was examined by MTT, Neutral Red and Frame methods. Results: The size of nanoliposomes was 218.2 nm with proper dispersion (PDI=0.3). The morphology of the liposomes was suitable according to SEM image. The IC50 values indicated that the nanoliposomal form of extract was 2-3 times more active than extract alone. The average IC50 values for extract and nanoliposomal form of extract were 1±0.1 and 0.39±0.02 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The results from this study showed that the crude extract and nanoliposomal form extract of Ecballium elaterium have cytotoxicity effect on AGS cell line and these cells were significantly more susceptible to nanoliposomes encapsulated Ecballium elaterium extract than that of the extract itself.
Michaela Patila; Evmorfia K. Diamanti; Danai Bergouni; Angeliki C. Polydera; Dimitrios Gournis; Haralambos Stamatis
Abstract
Objective(s): The present work deals with the preparation of nanobioconjugates based on the immobilization of cytochrome c (cyt c) on functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The effect of the nanosupport and the immobilization procedure on the biochemical and structural characteristics ...
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Objective(s): The present work deals with the preparation of nanobioconjugates based on the immobilization of cytochrome c (cyt c) on functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The effect of the nanosupport and the immobilization procedure on the biochemical and structural characteristics of the immobilized protein was investigated.
Methods: The MWCNTs were functionalized to provide alkyl chains with different length and terminal functional groups on their surface. The immobilization of cyt c was achieved through physical adsorption and covalent binding. Cyt-c-based nanoconjugates were characterized in terms of peroxidase activity and stability of protein, while UV-visible spectroscopy was used to investigate the structural characteristics of the immobilized protein.
Results: The loading of cyt c on f-MWCNTs was effectively achieved, with immobilization yields reaching up to 77%. The peroxidase activity of cyt c was higher in the case of non covalent immobilization compared to that of covalent procedure. Immobilized cyt c exhibited higher thermal stability than the native protein after 24 h incubation at 40oC, while it preserved up to 100% of its initial activity after incubation in the presence of a denaturing agent such as H2O2. No significant changes in the heme microenvironment of cyt c were observed in the presence of f-MWCNTs.
Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that f-MWCNTs are effective supports for the immobilization of cyt c, providing a universally applicable platform for the development of bionanoconjugates with potential use in a wide variety of fields in nanobiocatalysis, biosensing and nanomedicine.
Samira Samadieh; Alireza Dehnad; Behrouz Naghili; Minoo Sadri; Ahad Bazmani
Abstract
Objective(s): Polymeric nanofiber has a huge potential for a various biomedical applications such as wound healing and orthopedic implant. Since most of the future applications of therapeutic nanofiber are interacting with human blood components, it is important to investigate hemocompatibility. Methods: ...
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Objective(s): Polymeric nanofiber has a huge potential for a various biomedical applications such as wound healing and orthopedic implant. Since most of the future applications of therapeutic nanofiber are interacting with human blood components, it is important to investigate hemocompatibility. Methods: In this study, nanofibers with antibacterial properties were synthesizedby electrospun of polymeric composite of chitosan (CS), poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and vancomycin (vanco). The results obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, antibacterial and hemolysis tests of nanofiber were evaluated. The kinetic and drug release mechanism of drug loaded electrospun samples were also investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the appropriate model was proposed for prediction of drug release.Results: The surface morphology of a composite nanofiber indicated that the nanofiber is flat and smooth. The results of antibacterial tests showed that prepared nanofiber has antibacterial properties against of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Hemolysis test indicate that this nanofiber has non hemolytic impact on red blood cells (RBCs). The model of antibiotic release from the nanofiber was examined and it was found that the release mechanism can be described as Fickian diffusion model. According to this model, the kinetic degree of the drug release is around 0.38.Conclusions: Infections and pathophysiological factors cause delayed healing of wound healing. Therefore, using antibacterial nanofibers for elimination of antibacterial infection from wounds, accelerate wound healing.
Raham Armand; Mohammad Kazem Koohi; Goodarz Sadeghi Hashjin; mehdi khodabande
Abstract
Objective(s): Iranian researchers have enriched conventional engine oil with nanoparticles at the Institute of Petroleum Research and hope that this product can replace conventional engine oil due to the improved effects of copper nanoparticles on oils. the purpose of this study was to investigate the ...
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Objective(s): Iranian researchers have enriched conventional engine oil with nanoparticles at the Institute of Petroleum Research and hope that this product can replace conventional engine oil due to the improved effects of copper nanoparticles on oils. the purpose of this study was to investigate the pathological effect of engine oil enriched with copper nanoparticles on the rat.Methods: In this study, 72 female rat were randomly divided into 8 experimental groups, and three treatment groups (repeated) oral doses of 2000 mg /kg and 5000 mg /kg engine oil containing and without copper nanoparticles in three treatment groups at 30 minutes, 4 hours and 24 hours.Results: In treatment group A and B, oral dose of 5000 mg/kg engine oil containing and without copper nanoparticles showed a significant positive correlation with lethality at 30 minutes, 4 hours and 24 hours. p
Elham Zendedel; Fatemeh Gheybi; Jamshidkhan Chamani; Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
Abstract
Abstract Curcumin, which is derived from the turmeric rhizomes (curcuma longa) as a natural polyphenol, is a substantially lipophilic molecule. This commonly used substance is employed as a spice and coloring agent in food and contains potent antioxidant, as well as anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative ...
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Abstract Curcumin, which is derived from the turmeric rhizomes (curcuma longa) as a natural polyphenol, is a substantially lipophilic molecule. This commonly used substance is employed as a spice and coloring agent in food and contains potent antioxidant, as well as anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative tumor activities. The developed nanomicelle formulations of curcumin are used to promote the bio-availability and solubility of the above-mentioned lipophilic molecule. The present investigation aimed to examine the anti-proliferative activity of nanomicelle and free curcuminoids by using different cancer and normal cells using a tetrazolium dye-based assay. To this end, various cell lines were treated with nanomicelle or free curcuminoids at different concentration of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 µM for 48 h at 37 ºC. Our results demonstrated that the half maximal inhibitory concentrations of the micellar form of curcuminoids for different cancer cell lines were as high as its levels measured for its free form but in normal cells, the toxicity of nanomicelles is lower than free form of curcuminoids.
Alireza Monadi Sefidan
Abstract
Objective(s): Due to nanocomposites antimicrobial properties, one of the most extensive usages of nano-products is in packing industry. Thus, the production of packages with nanotechnology can effectively prevent against a variety of microorganisms. In this study, the silicon dioxide nanoparticles the ...
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Objective(s): Due to nanocomposites antimicrobial properties, one of the most extensive usages of nano-products is in packing industry. Thus, the production of packages with nanotechnology can effectively prevent against a variety of microorganisms. In this study, the silicon dioxide nanoparticles the poly (lactic acid) PLA films on antimicrobial and permeability was investigated. Methods: In order to measure the effect of antibacterial nano-covers, the direct contact of 1%, 3% and 5% silicon dioxide nanoparticles was used. Furthermore, the sample was contaminated with standard strains of gram-negative (Escherichia coli –code of 1399 (ATCC 25992)) and bacteria gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus–code of 1431 (ATCC 25923)) provided. Diameters of inhibition zones were measured after 24 h incubation of plates at 37 °C, by using Digital Caliper. Also, the water vapor permeability was investigated according to ASTM E96 and oxygen standards according to ASTM D 3985 standard from film surface.Results: Comparison the mean diameter of the inhibition zone of Escherichia coli, PLA containing 3% silicon dioxide with PLA film containing 5% silica showed no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) as well as, the average diameter of Staphylococcus aureus (P> 0.05). The results showed that the permeability compared to water vapor and oxygen vapor in pure PLA films with PLA containing 1%, 3% and 5% silicon dioxide showed a significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: PLA /nanocomposite SiO2 films have been identified as the most efficient cover in reducing the microbial load and have been useful as active antimicrobial nanopackaging.
Amirali Abbasi; Jaber Jahanbin Sardroodi
Abstract
Objective(s): First-principles calculations have been carried out to investigate the interaction of aspirin molecule with nitrogen-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles using the density functional theory method in order to fully exploit the biosensing capabilities of TiO2 particles. Methods: For this purpose, ...
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Objective(s): First-principles calculations have been carried out to investigate the interaction of aspirin molecule with nitrogen-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles using the density functional theory method in order to fully exploit the biosensing capabilities of TiO2 particles. Methods: For this purpose, we have mainly studied the adsorption of the aspirin molecule on the fivefold coordinated titanium atom site of the TiO2 nanoparticles because of the more reactivity of this site in comparison with the other sits. The complex systems consisting of the aspirin molecule positioned toward the undoped and nitrogen-doped nanoparticles have been relaxed geometrically. Results: The obtained results include structural parameters such as bond lengths and energetic of the systems. The electronic structure and its variations resulting from the adsorption process, including the density of states, molecular orbitals and the Mulliken charge transfer analysis have been discussed. We found that the adsorption of aspirin molecule on the nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles is energetically more favorable than the adsorption on the undoped ones. Conclusions: These results thus provide a theoretical basis and overall understanding on the interaction of TiO2 nanoparticles with aspirin molecule for applications in modeling of efficient nanomedicine carriers, biosensors and drug delivery purposes.
Abbas Rahdar; Mousa Aliahmad; Yahya Azizi; Nasser Keikha; Mahdiyeh Moudi; Farshid Keshavarzi
Abstract
Objective(s): In this work, CuO- NiO nano-composites were synthesized via free-surfactant co-precipitation method and then their physiochemical properties, as well as cytotoxicity and antifungal effects, were studied. Methods: The structural and optical properties of CuO-NiO nanostructures ...
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Objective(s): In this work, CuO- NiO nano-composites were synthesized via free-surfactant co-precipitation method and then their physiochemical properties, as well as cytotoxicity and antifungal effects, were studied. Methods: The structural and optical properties of CuO-NiO nanostructures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic force microscope (AFM), UV–Vis absorption, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of nanostructures. Results: The cubical structure of CuO- NiO nano-composites was confirmed by the XRD technique. The optical study of the samples by UV-Vis indicted a blue shift in absorption wavelength with decreasing particle size due to quantum size effect. The super magnetic behavior of CuO-NiO nano composites after calcination was confirmed by magnetic characterization instrument. Finally, the results of cytotoxicity evaluation of CuO-NiO nano-composites at the lower concentrations on Breast cancer MDA cell lines demonstrate no significant toxicity. Minimum inhibitory concentration range and Minimum fungicidal concentration of nanoparticle were determined 0.97-15.62, 7.81µg/ml and for fluconazole were 1.75-25 µg/ml and 12.58 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The study result of antimicrobialof CuO-NiO nano composites indicated an MIC90 antifungal activity with a concentration of 3.90µg/ml against vaginal isolates of C. albicans. The results of cytotoxicity study of nano-composites at concentration of 50µg/ml and 10µg/ml on the cell line of Breast cancer MDA was equivalent to %60 and %80, respectively.
Mahya Shafiee Nasab; Mahsa Tabari
Abstract
Objective(s): Since microbial contamination can reduce the shelf life of the foodstuff and there is a potential for the growth of some pathogen microorganisms, films containing antimicrobial agents were produced, which are also biodegradable. In this study, the effect of 1, 3 and 5% nano-zinc oxide ...
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Objective(s): Since microbial contamination can reduce the shelf life of the foodstuff and there is a potential for the growth of some pathogen microorganisms, films containing antimicrobial agents were produced, which are also biodegradable. In this study, the effect of 1, 3 and 5% nano-zinc oxide on antimicrobial properties and permeability of poly lactic acid film was investigated.
Material and methods: the sample was contaminated with standard strains of gram-negative (Escherichia coli –code of 1399 (ATCC 25992)) and bacteria gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus–code of 1431 (ATCC 25923)) provided. Diameters of inhibition zones were measured after 24 h incubation of plates at 37 °C, by using Digital Caliper. Also, the permeability to water vapor according to ASTM E96 and oxygen standards according to ASTM D3985 standard was investigated from film surface.
Results: The study of antimicrobial properties of films on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed that all three percent of “ZnO” in this study had inhibitory effects and increased the percentage of nano-zinc oxide significantly (P <0.05) increased the inhibitory effects.In this test, the diameter of the control film inhibition zone was zero, which indicates that pure poly lactic acid films do not have antimicrobial activity (P > 0.05). In the study of Water Vapor Permeability (WVP), bio-composite films with 1% and 3% nano-zinc oxide showed a 19% water vapor Permeability enhancement compared to the pure poly-lactic acid. Moreover, adding 3% nano-zinc oxide had an impact on the reduction of permeability to oxygen.
Conclusion: Poly lactic acid films containing nano-zinc oxide have a high potential for antimicrobial food packaging applications to enhance the safety of food products.
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