Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nanomedicine Research Journal 2476-3489 9 4 2024 12 01 Development, Characterization and Bioactivity of PVA/VPA/Aloin Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications 356 372 723415 10.22034/nmrj.2024.04.003 EN Mona Raei Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Shabani Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kazem Parivar Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Najafi Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Adabi Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-7168-3705 Journal Article 2025 01 25 Objective(s): Nanofibrous scaffolds have been considered for biomedical applications due to their structural and functional versatility. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is frequently used in electrospinning, and its characteristics can be enhanced by adding substances. This study aimed to produce the fabrication of PVA-based nanofibers functionalized with vinyl phosphonic acid (VPA) and aloin as bioactive agents and evaluate their physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics. <br />Methods: Nanofibrous scaffolds were produced through electrospinning using optimized conditions of voltage and distance. The scaffolds were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle measurements, tensile strength testing, and BET/BJH surface analysis. cell viability was assessed by using MTT assays. The influence of VPA (5%) and different aloin concentrations (3 mg and 6 mg) was systematically evaluated.<br />Results: SEM analysis confirmed that the optimized PVA/VPA (5%) nanofibers were smooth and bead-free, while the addition of aloin significantly altered fiber diameter. FTIR spectra validated the integration of VPA and aloin into the nanofibers. Measurements of the water contact angle indicated improved hydrophilicity. Mechanical testing revealed that VPA improved tensile strength, while aloin reduced it slightly at higher concentrations. BET/BJH analysis indicated that VPA increased porosity, whereas aloin's incorporation reduced porosity. MTT assays demonstrated enhanced cell viability with optimized aloin concentrations.<br />Conclusions: The PVA/VPA/Aloin nanofibrous scaffolds demonstrated adaptable properties ideal for biomedical uses, with VPA enhancing morphology, strength, and hydrophilicity, while aloin contributes bioactive effects dependent on its concentration. These scaffolds are promising for nanomedicine, tissue engineering and drug delivery. https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_723415_a9d5dd4678dc462af4226ea735d0829a.pdf