Tehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Nanotherapeutics and Psychopathology: Revolutionizing Mental Health Diagnosis and Treatment with Bioengineered Nanoplatforms11073768910.22034/nmrj.2026.01.001ENAbdul AmirH. KadhumCollege of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, IraqHodaSafaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, IranRosaDavallouDepartment of Neurology, Sayyad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of medical Siences, Gorgan, IranZahraGeramizadehFaculty of Cognitive Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranGrand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, USAAtabakNaiyeriDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranZeynabTajeryanDepartment of Community Health and Health Behavior, State University of New York, SUNY, at Buffalo, USALeilaKosari EsfahaniDepartment of Psychology, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, IranJournal Article20251226This review evaluates how nanotherapeutics can improve the diagnosis and treatment of psychopathology by addressing limitations of conventional pharmacotherapy, such as poor blood–brain (BBB) barrier penetration and off-target effects in disorders like depression and schizophrenia. It summarizes key classes of nanoplatforms lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic, and hybrid systemsand their use in targeted brain delivery, controlled drug release, and modulation of pathways including neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, and neuroplasticity, with a particular focus on theranostic systems that combine imaging and therapy. The article also highlights nanoparticle-enabled biosensors and imaging agents for sensitive detection of neuropsychiatric biomarkers, alongside nanoformulations of psychotropic drugs, gene-based strategies, and neuromodulatory platforms that show promise in preclinical and early translational studies. Finally, it discusses major translational challenges safety, scalability, regulation, and ethical considerations and outlines future directions toward AI-assisted, personalized nanomedicine for mental health care.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737689_3ad6a8b2a94103015fc14bd4553b4376.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Periodontal, Implant, and Oral Medicine: Nanoscale Innovations in Radiology and Imaging111873769010.22034/nmrj.2026.01.002ENNeginNeshanifardDepartment of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranShayanGhobadianDepartment of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, TurkeyMohammadGerayeliLux Smile Dental Clinic, Mashhad, IranAfsoonJalali AraDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBaharehPurtajiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, IranMaryamRahmaniFaculty of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranGhazalSoleimaniDepartment of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20260103Nanoscale innovations are transforming radiology and imaging in periodontal, implant, and oral medicine by enabling earlier, more precise, and personalized diagnosis. This review summarizes key nanoscale contrast agents, including silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gadolinium-based nanostructures, quantum dots, and gold nanoparticles, and their roles in enhancing MRI, CT, CBCT, OCT, and nano-CT imaging performance. Applications in periodontal diagnostics, implantology, and oral medicine are highlighted, such as nano-probes for biofilm and inflammatory marker detection, nano-engineered implant surfaces, and nano-enabled strategies for oral cancer and mucosal lesions. The review also outlines how integration with artificial intelligence, including deep learning-based image analysis and emerging Nano-AI theranostic platforms, can further improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning while emphasizing current challenges related to safety, regulation, cost, and ethical considerations.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737690_a8f881629e1fd415b309cc93822ed9e9.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Nanocarriers for Peptide-Based Therapeutics Against Sexually Transmitted Vaginal Infections192673769110.22034/nmrj.2026.01.003ENZahraSheikh Soleimany DaranyDepartment of Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranMaryamMohammadiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNedaArjmandDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tehran Medical University, Tehran, IranSatinikDarziAbnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center_ Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranFatemeHaghi KoumleObstetrics and Gynecologist, School of Medicine , Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranShivaKhodarahmiSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranJournal Article20260127Nanocarrier-based peptide therapeutics offer a promising strategy to combat sexually transmitted vaginal infections, including bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, and other STIs that are often recurrent and inadequately managed by conventional therapies. Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptides provide broad-spectrum activity against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens but are limited by poor stability, enzymatic degradation, low bioavailability, and potential toxicity in the vaginal environment. Encapsulation in nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, micelles, and dendrimers can protect peptides, enhance mucoadhesion or mucus penetration, prolong residence time, and enable controlled or stimuli-responsive release at the site of infection.<br>This review summarizes the pathophysiology of sexually transmitted vaginal infections and the roles of key pathogens, biofilms, mucus barriers, and antimicrobial resistance in limiting current treatments. It discusses the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of antimicrobial peptides, with emphasis on formulation and design strategies to enhance their stability, selectivity, and safety for intravaginal use. Recent advances in vaginally targeted nanocarrier platforms and preclinical in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evidence demonstrating improved efficacy, tissue coverage, retention, and biocompatibility of peptide-loaded systems are highlighted. Remaining challenges in large-scale manufacturing, long-term safety, and regulatory approval, as well as future opportunities for smart and potentially personalized nanocarrier–peptide systems, are outlined to guide translation toward clinical application.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737691_1f1e36c4af15309a57638d98838c52d9.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Prosthodontics in the Era of Nanomedicine: Advanced Nanotechnology Enhanced Implants and Periodontal Surgery for Functional Oral Reconstruction274073769210.22034/nmrj.2026.01.004ENFatemehAtaeiDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IranSeyed MostafaTaghaviDepartment of Periodantics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranSoheylKhakbazDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IranAhmadMahmoudiDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IranEhsanNasehi NiaDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IranShimaFirouziDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IranJournal Article20260128Nanotechnology is revolutionizing prosthodontics by enabling the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, leading to significant enhancements in the properties of dental materials. This transformation is crucial for improving the performance of implants and periodontal surgeries, ultimately facilitating functional oral reconstruction. This review aims to explore the latest advancements in nanotechnology applications within prosthodontics, focusing on nanomaterials such as nanometals, nanoceramics, and nano resins. It seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of how these innovations can enhance the aesthetic, durability, and functionality of dental restorations. The integration of nanotechnology in prosthodontics not only improves material properties but also paves the way for future research and clinical applications, potentially leading to breakthroughs in oral health management and patient care.While the advancements in nanotechnology present numerous benefits, challenges such as regulatory hurdles and long-term biocompatibility remain critical considerations for its widespread adoption in clinical practice.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737692_64fb3c4e0dda627924c6ed293df775c8.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Nanotechnology in Endodontics and Prosthodontics: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.415073769310.22034/nmrj.2026.01.005ENParvizAminiDepartment of Prosthodontics,School of Dentistry,Kerman University of Medical Sciences,Kerman,IranElaheJafariDepartment of Prosthodontics,School of Dentistry,Kerman University of Medical Sciences,Kerman,IranMasoumehAbbasi-AslEndodontic department ,Faculty of Dentistry,Zanjan University of Medical Sciences,Zanjan,IranFatemehHaghverdiDepartment of general dentistry faculty of dentistry,Galata university faculty dentistry,Istanbul,TurkeyMehrnazMotieiDepartment of prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20260516Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in modern dentistry, offering unprecedented advancements in both endodontics and prosthodontics through the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale. This review synthesizes current knowledge on nanotechnology applications in these fields, evaluating their impact on treatment outcomes, material performance, and patient care while critically addressing associated challenges and future research directions. In endodontics, nanoparticles have revolutionized root canal therapy by enhancing disinfection efficacy through superior penetration into dentinal tubules, significantly reducing reinfection risks and improving antimicrobial action. Nanomaterial-enhanced sealers and obturating materials exhibit improved mechanical properties, including increased strength, fracture resistance, and adhesion, thereby extending treatment durability. Furthermore, nanotechnology facilitates pulp tissue regeneration via targeted drug delivery systems and scaffolds that support stem cell differentiation and tissue revitalization. In prosthodontics, nanomaterials have dramatically improved the aesthetic and functional quality of dental restorations by closely mimicking the natural optical and structural properties of teeth while enhancing mechanical strength, wear resistance, and longevity. The integration of nanoparticles into prosthodontic materials has also resulted in superior surface hardness, modulus of elasticity, and reduced polymerization shrinkage, alongside antibacterial properties and controlled therapeutic agent delivery that promote oral health and patient comfort. Despite these promising advancements, significant challenges remain, including concerns regarding long-term biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, systemic toxicity, and environmental impact of nanomaterials. The lack of standardized regulatory frameworks and comprehensive clinical safety data further complicates their widespread clinical adoption. Future research must prioritize rigorous preclinical and clinical investigations to establish robust safety profiles, develop application-specific regulatory guidelines, and advance innovative technologies such as smart stimuli-responsive materials, personalized nanotherapies, and nanorobotic interventions. Sustained interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and regulatory authorities will be essential to fully harness the transformative potential of nanotechnology in dentistry while ensuring patient safety and improved therapeutic outcomes.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737693_a5ab4c6d42ef4edc6713653ac95abb24.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Inhibitory Effects of Quercetin-containing Nanoliposomes Against Listeria Monocytogenes and the Expression of Virulence Genes actA and hlyA515973769410.22034/nmrj.2026.01.006ENSedigheDehghan MorabadiFood Microbiology Division, Pathobiology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0009-0006-1117-9175KavehSadeghiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-7746-6632ZahraRajabiFood Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4970-3068MoslemPapizadehMicrobial Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology and Modern Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0966-1951OmidMangane NoraeeFood Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4487-3148Mohammad MehdiSoltan DallalFood Microbiology Division, Pathobiology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFood Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-3421-3974Journal Article20250808Objective(s): Liposomes are nanostructures which can be used for encapsulation and delivery of bioactive agents. Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen with increasingprevalence of antibiotic resistance. Because of the increasing rate of drug-resistance, quercetin, a flavonoid, tend to be a promising new treatment option against some infectious disease considering its antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of quercetin-containing nanoliposomes against L. monocytogenes growth and expression of virulence genes actA and hlyA in this pathogen.<br>Methods: Nanoliposomes were synthesized by thin-layer hydration method. Particle size and zeta potential were evaluated by DLS morphology by TEM. The degree of quercetin entrapment was assessed by spectrophotometry. Antimicrobial effects was evaluated by microdilution method and Real-Time PCR was used to study the gene expression in the studied pathogen.<br>Results: Quercetin-containing nanoliposomes with an average size of 324 nm and a zeta potential of -88 mV were synthesized and the rate of quercetin entrapment in nanoliposomes was reported to be 92.5%. Culture-based studies in Mueller Hinton agar highlighted the detectable inhibitory effect of quercetin and quercetin-containing nanoliposomes against L. monocytogenes. Using the 96-well microplate method, the MIC and MBC of quercetin-containing nanoliposomes were reported to be 812.7 mg/ml, and the MIC and MBC of free quercetin were reported to be 625.15 mg/ml. Additionally, a considerable decrease of expression of the biofilm-associated genes; hlyA and actA, was observed in the treated samples compared to the control group.<br>Conclusions: Quercetin-containing nanoliposomes have detectable antibacterial properties against Listeria monocytogenes when compared to free quercetin.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737694_4eee956d3ebb25112e595a4b1aed68de.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Green Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Saccharomyces boulardii with Potent Anti-Candida Activity607273769510.22034/nmrj.2026.01.007ENZainabTareq IsmailDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqMaisEmad AhmedDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0003-4961-4532Journal Article20251101The synthesis of metallic and semiconductor nanoparticles through physical and chemical methods is well established; however, biological synthesis approaches are increasingly gaining attention due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendly nature. In the present study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂-NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous solution of cerium salts mediated by the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. This probiotic microorganism grows rapidly, is easy to cultivate on an industrial scale, and serves as an efficient biological system for nanoparticle biosynthesis. The obtained CeO₂-NPs exhibited an average particle size of approximately 62.54 nm, a zeta potential of of roughly –45 mV, and inhibition zone diameters ranging from (24.6 ± 1.1) to (11.2 ± 0.8) mm at 1000 and 62.5 mg/mL against tested Candida spp.<br>The synthesized CeO₂-NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), to determine their size, morphology, and structural properties. The use of S. boulardii as a biogenic mediator demonstrates a sustainable and scalable approach for producing metal oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, CeO₂-NPs exhibit promising antibacterial and antifungal properties, making them suitable for biomedical and tissue engineering applications requiring infection control. Overall, the study demonstrates that biologically synthesized CeO₂-NPs possess significant antimicrobial potential suitable for biomedical applications.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737695_e0d87f633e5af11d63a03cf06eda2c38.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Hybrid Aptamer/AgNps Modified Electrode for Target Detection of Methamphetamine738373769610.22034/nmrj.2026.01.008ENRanaEftekhar NahliDepartment of Chemistry, Ah. C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, IranSaeidehEbrahimiaslDepartment of Toxicology, Ah. C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran0000-0002-6465-7605MahdiZamanfarDepartment of Medical Science, Kazan University, Kazan, RussiaJournal Article20251011A novel method for the determination of methamphetamine was investigated based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) treated by aptamer/ silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) hybrid layer. Methamphetamine specific aptamer and AgNPs was immobolized on the electrode surface. For this purpose, the functionalized sequence of the methamphetamine binding aptamer (MBA) was immobilized by the amine group and the covalent bond on the GCE. The binding of methamphetamine to its specific aptamer sequence results in a change in the aptamer spatial structure desired and, as a result, changes the electron transfer kinetic and oxidation peak position. Cyclic voltammetric (CV), differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods were used to study occurred changes in electrochemical behavior. Presence of silver nanoparticles in the assembly of the electrode improved response time and sensitivity. A linear response to methamphetamine in the 10 nM to 630 nM concentration range was obtained with the detection limit of 1.03 nM (at an S/N ratio of 3) and quantitation limit of 3.126 nM. The proposed sensor represented a promising platform for the selective and sensitive determination of methamphetamine.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737696_9fe3c2cd68054dc8f709b62ade4f2e79.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Polycaprolactone-Coated Olanzapine-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (PCL@OLZ-SLNs): A Ligand-Free Strategy for Sustained Release and Enhanced Oral Bioavailability8410473769710.22034/nmrj.2026.01.009ENMohadesehMadadiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shahr.C., Islamic Azad University, Shahryar, IranGitaBagheriDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Shahr.C., Islamic Azad University, Shahryar, IranJournal Article20251127Olanzapine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles coated with polycaprolactone (PCL@OLZ-SLNs) were created as a ligand-free method for long-term oral olanzapine (OLZ) distribution. A three-level Box-Behnken design was used to improve uncoated OLZ-SLNs, screening five solid lipids and three formulation factors (lipid-to-drug ratio 10–30, Tween 80 concentration 1–2% w/v, sonication period 60–120 s). Based on stearic acid (lipid-to-drug ratio 15:1, 1.5% Tween 80, 90 s sonication), the best uncoated formulation showed a particle size of 168.5 ± 4.1 nm, zeta potential –30.1 ± 1.2 mV, entrapment efficiency 92.4 ± 1.8%, drug loading 7.4 ± 0.3%, and PDI 0.151 ± 0.012.<br>With just 61.3 ± 2.6% released in 24 hours and >88% over 7 days via a non-Fickian mechanism with little burst effect, coating with 3% w/v PCL significantly slowed drug release and increased particle size to 223.7 ± 18.4 nm. In comparison to uncoated SLNs, oral administration of PCL@OLZ-SLNs to Sprague-Dawley rats (10 mg/kg) significantly delayed Tmax from ~1 h to ~2 h, increased Cmax 3.15-fold, extended elimination half-life from ~4.5 h to ~6 h, and enhanced AUC₀₋∞ approximately 5-fold (from 12.45 ± 0.15 to 62.90 ± 0.24 µg·h/mL; p < 0.001).<br>All things considered, this simple, scalable, ligand-free approach provides good biocompatibility and a workable path to oral olanzapine medication at longer intervals (e.g., once weekly), which may enhance patient adherence in the treatment of schizophrenia.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737697_f1a36c4ce77595bcc49404c954b4197a.pdfTehran University of Medical SciencesNanomedicine Research Journal2476-348911120260301Optimized Gold-Coated CoFe₂O₄ Magnetic Nanoparticles: Advancing Theranostic Applications in MRI Enhancement and Magnetic Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment10511473769810.22034/nmrj.2026.01.010ENZahraMohammadiRadiological Technology Department, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranAlirezaMontazerabadiMedical Physics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranBaharehKhalili NajafabadDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAmenehSazgarniaMedical Physics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20251210<strong>Objective(s): </strong>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), including cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄), have been investigated as promising tools in improvement of medical imaging and treatment methodologies. While CoFe₂O₄ exhibits superior magnetic properties, its biomedical applications require surface modifications to address biocompatibility concerns. This study is another step to explore the dual functionality of optimized gold-coated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, aiming to enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast and improve the efficacy of magnetic hyperthermia (MH) within a cellular environment.<br><strong>Methods</strong>: Optimized CoFe2O4 @Au (cobalt ferrite core, gold shell) nanoparticles were utilized in this study. MR imaging parameters (r1, r2, and r2/r1) were then calculated in cellular environments. Subsequently, the effects of magnetic hyperthermia induction on cell survival were evaluated at temperatures of 41°C, 44°C, 47°C, and 52.5°C immediately after treatment using the MTT assay. <br><strong>Results:</strong> Among various incubation times, CoFe2O4 @Au exhibited the highest r2 value of 165.5 mM⁻¹s⁻¹ at 4 hours incubation time in a cell medium. A phantom prepared with the MDA-MB 231 cell line incubated with CoFe2O4@Au@dextran showed a magnetic susceptibility artifact. Inducing cellular hyperthermia at temperatures below 47°C did not significantly affect cell survival, while higher temperatures (47-52.5°C) caused substantial cell damage and death through protein denaturation and thermoablation. <br><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of CoFe2O4@Au@dextran nanoparticles in theranostic applications, combining diagnostic imaging with targeted cancer therapy. Further research is essential to optimize these nanoparticles for clinical use, with a focus on achieving a balance between efficacy, safety, and biocompatibility.https://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_737698_1075a2fc25506d05557bd7dbe1c24fe4.pdf