Nanomedicine Research Journal

Nanomedicine Research Journal

A study of sleep-wake cycle after transplantation of neural stem cells treated with gold nanoparticles in the suprachiasmatic nucleus lesion in the rat

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors
Vahid Pirhajati Mahabadi 1, 2
Seyed Mohammad Amini 3
Seyed Behnamedin Jameie 1
Mona Farhadi 4
Neda Eslahi 5
1 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran
2 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Oncopathology Research Center,Tehran, Iran
3 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Radiation Biology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
5 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/nmrj.2024.03.008
Abstract
Objective(s): Numerous stem cells are distributed throughout various regions of the central nervous system. Currently, extensive research has been conducted on the potential use of neural stem cells (NSCs) for the repair of the central nervous system. These neural stem cells possess the ability to differentiate into several cell types, including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is crucial in regulating the circadian rhythm as well as the sleep-wake cycle.
This research investigates the NSCs transplantation on the sleep-wake cycle in suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions of rats.
Methods: Apigenin-coated gold nanoparticles have been synthesized. NSCs were cultured in DMEM F12 enriched with apigenin-coated gold nanoparticles. Thirty adult male Wistar rats weighing between 220-250 g, were classified into three groups (Lesion, experimental, and control). The Subventricular zone (SVZ) of newborn rat brains was applied for NSCs separation. The animals received Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions (2mA current, 8 seconds), (0.2 mm ML, -9.2 mm DV, -0.6 mm AP from bregma). To record the sleep cycle, 2 Electromyography (EMG) and 3 electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes were situated in the neck, muscles, and skull, respectively. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used for ultrastructural analysis of cells.
Results: In this study, we observed the expression of Nestin and Sox2 in NSCs and neurospheres. The lesion group showed a significant increase of REM and NREM sleep compared to the control group. After NSCs transplantationin, a huge diminish in REM and NREM sleep was observed in the experimental group compared to the lesion group. In TEM analysis, NSCs labeled with gold nanoparticles were observed in the injury area. Nanoparticles were evident in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of these cells. 
Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that gold nanoparticles can interact well with NSCs and can be used to investigate cell transplantation. Also, NSCs transplantation improves sleep-wake cycle disruption after Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesion.
Keywords
Neural stem cell
Transplantation
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
sleep-wake cycle
Lesion

Subjects

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Nanomedicine Research Journal
Volume 9, Issue 3
Autumn 2024
Pages 308-316