Traumatic dental injuries can have significant long-term consequences for oral health, function, aesthetics, and quality of life, often requiring coordinated care across multiple dental specialties. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and nanomedicine offer emerging opportunities to improve the diagnosis, treatment planning, and rehabilitation of patients with dental trauma. This review explores the potential applications of AI-enabled nanomedicine across endodontics, orthodontics, and prosthodontics, with emphasis on the transition from emergency management to individualized long-term rehabilitation. AI-based image analysis and predictive models may support injury assessment, endodontic diagnosis, orthodontic planning, and digital prosthetic design. In parallel, nanotechnology-based materials and delivery systems are being investigated for antimicrobial activity, localized therapeutic delivery, tissue regeneration, and enhanced restorative performance. Integrating these approaches within multidisciplinary workflows may facilitate more personalized treatment strategies and improve coordination among dental specialists. However, their clinical translation remains constrained by limitations in evidence quality, model validation, material biocompatibility, data privacy, regulatory oversight, cost, and accessibility. Many applications remain under investigation, and their effectiveness in trauma-specific clinical settings requires further validation. Future research should prioritize well-designed clinical studies, long-term safety assessment, and the development of standardized protocols to establish the clinical value of these technologies. Ultimately, combining technological innovation with evidence-based practice and professional clinical judgment may advance more precise, integrated, and patient-centered rehabilitation following dental trauma.